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Édouard ManetGUERRE CIVILE1873
1873
About the Item
Edouard Manet, French, (1832-1883). GUERRE CIVILE (CIVIL WAR). Lithograph on chine colle, 1871-73. The second state of two. Printed and Published by Lermercier, Paris, 1874. 15 5/8 x 20 inches, 397 x 508 mm. (image), 19 1/8 x 24 3/4 inches, 486 x 629 mm. (sheet). In very good condition, with some loss to the lettering of the title, light foxing, mostly to the mount, a few repaired tears to the full margins and a faint mat line around the image.
During the Franco-Prussian War in 1870-71, Paris was defended by the National Guard. In the midst of the war, the Emperor Napoleon III was deposed and the Third Republic was declared. The Paris Commune, an alliance of National Guard soldiers and working class men, seized power in opposition to the government of the Republic, triggering the Civil War which is the subject of Manet's print. The Commune held out against the government's superior forces for a little more than two months, when it was defeated during what became known as "Bloody Week," marked by many atrocities and the deaths, imprisonment, and exile of thousands of Communards. The graphic power and social relevence of this print bear witness to Manet's mastery as a draftsman and the brutal reality of this tragic event. The dramatically foreshortened figure of the dead man at center is a deliberate reference to Manet’s own Dead Toreodor painting of 1864. In restating this memorable pose, Manet strips away any notion of romantic,heroic nobility, instead confronting us with the voracious, inelegant, randomness of death during wartime. The uncertain volitility of our own current civil divisions and those abroad cannot help but point again to the agency of this masterpiece of mid ninteenth century printmaking.
- Creator:Édouard Manet (1832 - 1883, French)
- Creation Year:1873
- Dimensions:Height: 22 in (55.88 cm)Width: 26 in (66.04 cm)
- Medium:
- Period:
- Condition:
- Gallery Location:Portland, ME
- Reference Number:1stDibs: LU367314359232
Édouard Manet
Edouard Manet (1832 – 1883) was a French painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. Born into an upper-class household with strong political connections, Manet rejected the future originally envisioned for him, and became engrossed in the world of painting. His early masterworks, The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe) and Olympia, both 1863, caused great controversy and served as rallying points for the young painters who would create Impressionism. Today, these are considered watershed paintings that mark the start of modern art. The last 20 years of Manet's life saw him form bonds with other great artists of the time, and develop his own style that would be heralded as innovative and serve as a major influence for future painters. Although harshly condemned by critics who decried its lack of conventional finish, Manet's work had admirers from the beginning. One was Emile Zola, who wrote in 1867: "We are not accustomed to seeing such simple and direct translations of reality. Then, as I said, there is such a surprisingly elegant awkwardness ... it is a truly charming experience to contemplate this luminous and serious painting which interprets nature with a gentle brutality."
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