Art by Medium: Graphite

edition 03/25 Manny Woodward makes beautiful, soulful, subtle, pieces of art. Her pieces do not rely on superficially attractive subject matter. They are more concerned with the sub...

Untitled (Standing Female Nude) Graphite on paper, c. 1930 Signed bottom right: Lorski (see photo) Sheet size: 9 5/16 x 5 13/16 inches From a sketchbook created while the artist was working in Paris Condition: Good Thin spots verso from previous mounting Soft vertical fold running across image Barely visible on recto Provenance: Estate of the Artist Dawson's Auctioneers and Appraisers, 2001 Amity Art Foundation Boris Lovet-Lorski Lithuanian/Russian/American 1894-1973 Sculptor, painter, and printmaker, Boris Lovet-Lorski was born in Lithuania in 1894. His mother died when he was age three. His father was affluent and owned real estate. Boris grew up in a privileged environment. He studied architecture and then fine arts at the Imperial Academy of Art in Petrograd, Russia (now Saint Petersburg). Following the revolution in 1917 and its aftermath, Boris immigrated to Boston to live with his brother. In the 1920’s, his stylized, Art Deco inspired sculptures, lithographs, and paintings proved to be popular among the American elite. He exhibited frequently, holding his first solo exhibition in Boston, 1920. In the following years, Boris exhibited in New York at Marie Sterner Gallery, Jacques Seligmann Galleries and Wildenstein and Company. He lived in Paris from 1926 to 1932 where he befriended Joseph Hecht, and was exposed to the works of Pablo Picasso, Ossip Zadkine, Contantin Brancusi and Aristide Maillol. In 1932 he returned to America where he became a citizen later in the decade. Lovet-Lorski exhibited in the United States, South America, Europe and Asia. He was a member of the Society of Independent Artists (New York), the National Academy of Design (New York), and the Lotos Club (New York), as well as several Parisian salons. His work is in the permanent collections of numerous museums including the Musée Luxembourg, Bibliotèque Nationale, and the Petit Palais in France, the British Museum in London, the Metropolitan Museum in New York, the National Gallery in Washington, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. (A more extensive list of his works in museums follows) He is considered one of the most successful and recognized sculptors of his generation. His creative influence can be seen in many of his contemporary artists. He died in Los Angeles in 1973. Regarding his iconic Art Deco sculptures of Cretan Dancers: “The stylizing of the Cretan allegories, used in figures of animals such as horses and bulls, symbolizes the ancient power of the South. These figures reveal a spiritual sensuality as he strives to attain a symbol of the earth and universe endowed with musical values. If man is the center of his idea of life and nature, it is because of the laws that govern the movement of stars and history. The link binding his figures together has, in a sense, a Pythagorean harmony.” Salvatore Quasimodo, Milan, 1967, quoted from Bush, Boris Lover-Lorski: The Language of Time, page 12. Lovet-Lorski created sculptures of the following major figures I.J. Paderewski, Prime Minister of Poland Arturo Toscanini, Italian Conductor Lilian Gish, Actress President Franklin D. Roosevelt Mrs. M. C. Niarchos, wife of Stavros Niarchos President Abraham Lincoln James Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy, First Secretary of Defense Pope Pius XII Dr. Albert Einstein, theoretical physicist President Dwight D. Eisenhower Albert Schweitzer, theologian, organist, writer, humanitarian, philosopher, and physician General Charles De Gaulle, President of the Fourth and Fifth Republic, France John Foster Dulles, Secretary of State, 1953-1959 President John F. Kennedy Works by Lover Lorski are in the following public collections: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo Art Institute of Chicago Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris Brandeis University, Waltham, MA British Museum, London Boston University Brooklyn Museum California Palace of the Legion of Honor, Sam Francisco...

Lois Dodd Untitled Landscape, 1990 Colored chalk on grey wove paper Signed, dated and inscribed "For Beverly & Howard", lower right. Original artist's frame included This unique work...

Signed lower left, 'Jais' for Johannes Knud Ove Jais-Nielsen (Danish, 1885-1961) and dated 1938. A powerful figural work showing a view of Jesus kneeling in the Garden of Gethsemane on the evening before his trial and execution. Born in Denmark, Jais Nielsen initially studied at Kunstnernes Frie Studieskoler under Kristian Zahrtmann and exhibited for the first time at the 1907 Autumn Salon at the Charlottenborg Palace. Nielsen participated in the early and groundbreaking, “Group of Thirteen" Modernist show, where his focus on dynamic figural painting and his bold use of color set him dramatically apart from his contemporaries. From 1907-11, Nielsen's use of 'primitive' Fauve colors would continue to reinforce his break with traditional Danish painting. During this period, he made study excursions to important art centres, including, in 1909, to Berlin. In 1911, he moved to Paris where he settled in the Latin Quarter near the Musée Cluny. His first formal Paris exhibition was at the Salon d’Automne of 1912. During this first Paris period, Nielsen attended meetings of the Section d’Or at the studio of Jacques Villon and, as a result, began to incorporate subtle, yet distinct, Cubist elements into his work.   With the outbreak of World War One, Nielsen returned to Copenhagen, taking with him both his increasing compositional sophistication and a thorough understanding of the principles of Modernism. During this period, ports, dance and circus life became subjects of interest and he painted many canvases in the style of Analytic Cubism, of which he became the earliest and, arguably, the finest Danish exponent. From 1915 onwards, Nielsen also created Cubist sculptures and, from 1922-28, was employed as a sculptor by the Royal Copenhagen porcelain factory. Here, he produced a series of ceramic sculptures on Biblical themes which included the Good Samaritan and several versions of Jacob Wrestling with the Angel...

Graphite on paper, signed and dated '13 Feb (19)19' bottom left Image size: 13 x 8 1/4 inches (33 x 21 cm) This is a portrait of a German airman that was done by the artist at the s...

Portrait of Dr. Auguste Soins Black chalk on paper, c. 1883 Signed with the artist’s estate stamp, Lugt 1305a lower right (see photo) Note: This possibly is the preliminary drawing f...

Graphite on paper, signed and dated '13 Feb (19)19' bottom left Image size: 13 x 8 1/4 inches (33 x 21 cm) This is a portrait of a German airman that was done by the artist at the s...

Study for “Republic Standing” Graphite on calque tracking paper, c. 1848 Signed lower right corner: Vigneron Provenance: Shepherd Gallery, New York ...

Lowell Nesbitt Untitled Rose, 1983 Graphite on Lanaquarelle Watercolor Paper Signed and dated on the front Framed Unique, poignant, exquisitely rendered graphite drawing on watercolor paper with deckled edges. This work is framed and ready to hang; frame bears Alan Brown Gallery (Hartsdale) label verso. It was acquired from the Estate of Noel Frackman, renowned art historian, scholar, writer, and professor with a lifelong passion for 20th Century Art - and a close personal friend of Lowell Nesbitt. She earned a M.A. from Sarah Lawrence College in English Literature and a M.A. and Ph.D. in Art History from the Institute of Fine Arts of New York University. She was an art critic for the Patent Trader Newspaper and the Scarsdale Inquirer, contributing editor for Arts Magazine, author of numerous catalogs including ''John Storrs'', for the Whitney Museum of American Art. For 19 years she was a faculty member at Purchase College, State University of New York. Measurements: Framed: 13 inches by 13 inches x .5 Artwork: approx. 10.5 inches by 10.5 inches Lowell Nesbitt Biography: Lowell Blair Nesbitt, painter, printmaker, draughtsman, and sculptor, was born in Baltimore, Maryland on 4 October 1933. He studied at Tyler School of Art at Temple University in Philadelphia and at the Royal Academy of Arts in London. Nesbitt worked in abstraction until Robert Indiana suggested in the early 1960s that he explore realism in his paintings. As subjects for his work he favored studio interiors, articles of clothing, piles of shoes, his Rottweiler, the Neo-Classical facades of 19th century cast iron buildings, and Manhattan's bridges. He was also famous for his enormous paintings and prints of roses, lilies, irises, and other flowers. In 1980, the United States Post Office issued...

Academic style life drawing of female nude with charcoal and graphite by Mark Beard, "MB 017" graphite, Conte crayon and charcoal on Arches paper 30 x 22 inches unframed Signed, lowe...

Mary Ingebrand-Pohlad (American, b. 1953). Graphite, pastel, and paper collage painting "Still Life with Quilt and Nantucket Whirligig" depicting a mixed media still life collage ...

Nam June Paik Untitled, Plate Six from Novecento, 1992 Mixed Media: Color offset lithograph with unique chalk pastel drawing 13 3/10 × 18 inches Edition 104/130 Pencil numbered 104/130, hand signed in pastel chalk on the front Edizioni Carte Segrete, Rome, Italy Excellent condition; held in matting which can be easily removed The matting measures 18" x 21" This was part of a series of works produced for the Nam June Paik retrospective at the Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Rome, 1992, Nam June Paik: Arti Elletroniche. This is one of the editions which bears unique hand coloring with pastel chalk. A comparable work sold at auction in 2015 for US $12,583. (see details below): Nam June Paik Title Novecento Description Nam June PAI K Novecento 1930-1940, 1992 Pastel sur offset en couleurs, épreuve signée et numérotée 104/130 Edizioni Carte Segrete, Rome 23,5 x 39,5 cm EH Oeuvre réalisée a l'occasion de la rétrospective Paik au Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Rome, 1992, Nam June Paik: Arti Elletroniche, cinema e Media Verso il XXI Secolo Medium pastel Year of Work 1992 Size Height 9.3 in.; Width 15.6 in. / Height 23.5 cm.; Width 39.5 cm. Misc. Signed Sale of Millon & Associés: Monday, June 22, 2015 [Lot 00090] Design Sold For 11,057 EUR Hammer (12,583 USD) Nam June Paik Biography Nam June Paik was born in 1932 in Seoul. He received a BA in aesthetics from the University of Tokyo in 1956 where he also studied music and art history. After graduating, he studied for a year with composer Thrasybulus Georgiades Georgiades at the University of Munich and for two years with composer Woflgang Fortner at the International Music College in Freiburg. He attended the International Summer Courses for New Music in Darmstadt in 1957, when he met Karlheinz Stockhausen, and in 1958, when he met John Cage. Cage, and through him Marcel Duchamp, had a significant influence on Paik as he became a major force in the avant-garde through performances. In Hommage à John Cage (1959), Paik employed audiotape and performance to attack traditional musical instrumentation and compositional practices, splicing together piano playing, screaming, bits of classical music, and sound effects. Realizing that taped sound was not enough, he decided to move into performance, first by introducing performative actions into his audio works. In 1961 Paik performed Simple, Zen for Head and Étude Platonique No. 3, in which he became a volatile figure, thrashing about in unexpected patterns and sudden movements to his signature soundtracks. In 1962 Paik participated in the Fluxus International Festival of the New Music in Weisbaden. Paik's first exhibition, entitled Exposition of Music - Electronic Television, in 1963 at Galerie Parnass at Wuppertal, launched his transition from composer and performance artist to the inventor of a new art form: an engagement with the material site of television as an instrument. In the exhibition, thirteen televisions lay on their backs and sides with their reception altered; for example, Zen for TV (1963) reduced the television picture to a horizontal line and Kuba TV (1963) shrank and expanded the image on the television set according to the changing volume. In 1964 Paik traveled to the US. He quickly settled in New York and became a leading innovator among an emerging generation of artists seeking new modes of artistic expression and distribution. That same year, Paik collaborated with Shuya Abe to create Robot K-456 (1964), a remote controlled robot that played audiotaped speeches by John F. Kennedy and defecated beans in Paik's Robot Opera (1964). In the interactive work Magnet TV (1965), Paik invited viewers to modify the television's output into swerving abstract lines through the movement of a magnet over the TV. In 1967 Paik and frequent collaborator Charlotte Moorman were arrested when Moorman performed Paik's Opera Sextronique (1967), a striptease as she played the cello at the Filmmakers' Cinematheque in New York. Paik's TV Bra for Living Sculpture (1969), which Moorman wore in performances, featured two television tubes...

Artist: Felix de Weldon (1907-2003) Title: Iwo Jima Memorial Year: 2001 Edition: 2/150, plus proofs Medium: Lithograph with graphite ink on BFK Rives cream color paper Inscription: S...

This 48 x 60 mixed mediums painting on canvas is stretched over a wood frame. Why you will love this painting and why it will be perfect for your home: This painting will make you f...

This abstract painting features cool grey background and layers of metallic gold throughout. The central abstract form is composed of imperfect shapes placed side by side. The painti...

Very well executed watercolor on archival paper of a New England homestead nestled in a picturesque valley. Early fall with the tress just starting to change colors. The watercolor was done by the American artist Hilton Leech...

A powerful depiction of a regal, queenly woman wearing a gold crown and ornate blue/gray dress. Signed, dated and titled on verso. Francine Fox works in many mediums including oil paint, watercolor, gouache, graphite and ink to produce striking and unsettling works of great beauty and psychological complexity. Fox incorporates art historical references, organically composed diagrams and personal and cultural vocabularies into her work. "I strive to produce work that is at once both striking and unsettling and intend the compilation of my formal and conceptual elements to parallel and reveal the intricacies of gray areas between seemingly dissonant traits. The gray areas I depict most frequently can be classified as the shared liminal compartments in Venn Diagrams, the middle sections along continuums or circumstances when the correct answer is both yes and no. While it is easier to think and understand in terms of binaries, these types of thought processes tend to oversimplify. The murky places in between are often harder to comprehend, and yet they are also more relatable and interesting because of their complex, confusing, and sometimes unresolved nature. My goal is not to clarify gray areas; rather, I hope to lure viewers into contemplation of the causes of the wonder and discomfort surrounding liminals. My work frequently returns to the gray areas between the themes of physical and metaphysical, evidence and faith, chaos and order, and identity philosophies rooted in either individualism or collectivism. My paintings and drawings create records of the perceived significance and beauty of these transitional spaces through the mediums of graphite, charcoal, watercolor, gouache, oil paint and digital painting. Within my body of work, the imagery includes figures, gently anthropomorphized animals, traditional and contemporary semiotics, and depictions of invisible forces through modified and invented charting symbols. My influences range from Walton Ford, Martin Wittfooth...

Mary Ingebrand-Pohlad (American, b. 1953). Graphite, pastel, and paper collage painting "Nantucket Still Life with Whirligig and Hydrangea" depicting a mixed media still life colla...

Artist: Shimshon Holzman (1907-1986) Title: Torah Scholar Year: 1962 Medium: Watercolor and graphite on wove paper Size: 13.75 x 19.75 inches Condition: Excellent Inscription: Signed...

Working with a palette of graphite and gold leaf, Alessandra Maria masterfully weaves together elements of the earthly and ethereal. She is part sorceress, part alchemist, summoning ...

Rachelle Krieger is a New York based abstract expressionist painter and printmaker known for her extensive exploration of the landscape and natural phenomena such as electricity, lig...

MILTON GLASER Untitled Abstract Landscape, 1965 Monotype with Mixed Media 11 × 13 inches Signed and dated 1965 on the lower right recto Unique Frame included: held in original vinta...

Untitled #2010, 2024 Graphite on paper 12 x 9”

A remarkable published sketch replete with primo pensiero; a window into Cruikshank's genius for sociopolitical caricature. Double-sided preparatory drawing in graphite with watercolor and ink on light-weight cream wove paper, 19 1/4 x 8 7/8 inches (487 x 224 mm), the full sheet. Signed boldly in brown ink, lower right image area. Uniform age tone, marginal wear including some minor areas of edge wear and two very minor associated losses at the lower left sheet edge. Colors appear to be slightly attenuated. There are three tabs of archival tape at the top sheet edge, verso; at right corner, left corner, and center. All condition points are entirely consistent with the age and nature of the paper and media. Multiple inscriptions in ink and graphite in Cruikshank's own hand. A maquette for the engraved image of the same title, used as the frontispiece to The Scourge, xii, published on June 18, 1816, by J. Johnson Cheapside, London. Impressions of the engraving for which this is a study may be found in the collections of the British Museum and the Yale University Library. Holiday-making 'cits' drive, ride, and walk (right to left) on a dusty road, in the direction of a sign-post (right) pointing 'To Wimbledon' (left); the opposite arm points (right) to Battersea. On the extreme left is the back of a coach, with outside passengers, one with a huge frothing tankard. A fat man trudges between two women, followed by a bloated dog. A 'cit' on a bucking horse follows. Next is a family party: a fat woman...

Working with a palette of graphite and gold leaf, Alessandra Maria masterfully weaves together elements of the earthly and ethereal. She is part sorceress, part alchemist, summoning ...

Working with a palette of graphite and gold leaf, Alessandra Maria masterfully weaves together elements of the earthly and ethereal. She is part sorceress, part alchemist, summoning ...

Working with a palette of graphite and gold leaf, Alessandra Maria masterfully weaves together elements of the earthly and ethereal. She is part sorceress, part alchemist, summoning ...

This delicate silver botanical drawing is made with graphite on painted black paper. The exploration of ephemerality, and the fragility of dandelions, their texture and movement, are...

Signed, dated and titled lower left. Felix Waske was born in Vienna in 1942. From 1958 to 1967, he studied at the University of Applied Arts under Prof Eduard Bäumer and at the Acad...

Will Barnet is one of America's best loved and known artists of the Post War era. He is highly distinctive for his figurative and narrative work and in some ways he is the Edgar All...

Hiroshi Hayakawa was born and raised in Japan. He earned a BA in French Literature from Keio University in Tokyo. After a short stint working as a com...

Artist: Felix de Weldon (1907-2003) Title: The Lovers Year: 2001 Edition: 2/10 A.P. Medium: Lithograph with graphite ink on BFK Rives cream color paper Inscription: Signed & numbered...

Lisa Lala is well known for her palette knife oil paintings of Birds on a Wire. She explores the larger, intangible questions of our existence simply depicting birds quietly resting ...

Untitled #2012, 2024 Graphite on paper 12 x 9”

Untitled #2004, 2023 Graphite on paper 12 x 9”

Thaw 14 (Abstract drawing) Color Pencil and Graphite on Mylar. Unframed. Thaw Series is a group of drawings where the artist continues her work touching upon environmental matters...

Nostalgia I by Brittney Pearman

Nostalgia II by Brittney Pearman

Graphite on paper Image size: 12 1/4 x 8 inches (31 x 20.25 cm) Hand made contemporary style frame This is a wonderful self portrait that captures the artist as she stares, unafraid...

High Tide in my Mind II by Brittney Pearman

High Tide in my Mind I by Brittney Pearman

Walter Darby Bannard Siciliian Magician, 1980 Silkscreen on wove paper Pencil signed, titled and dated by the artist on the front Unframed Provenance: Bart Gallery, Providence, RI Th...

Nostalgia III by Brittney Pearman

Nostalgia IV by Brittney Pearman

June Again by Brittney Pearman

Ephemera by Brittney Pearman

Gossamer by Brittney Pearman

Artist: Justin Liam O'Brien Title: Seated Nude and Landscape Medium: Graphite on Paper Size: 10 x 7 Inches Year: 2021 Notes: Hand Signed, Titled and Date...

Head of a Deco Woman (recto) Standing Male Model (verso) Graphite on paper, 1925 Signed with the artist's initials "PW" and dated 1925 Created while the artist was studying at the ...

Artist: Felix de Weldon (1907-2003) Title: Discus Thrower Year: 2001 Edition: 150, plus proofs Medium: Lithograph with graphite ink on BFK Rives cream color paper Inscription: Signed...

Graphite on paper, signed lower right Image size: 9 x 12 1/2 inches (23 x 32 cm) Mounted and framed Little is known about the artist Winifred Anne Rymer apart from that her career f...

Hiroshi Hayakawa was born and raised in Japan. He earned a BA in French Literature from Keio University in Tokyo. After a short stint working as a computer systems engineer, he decided his love of life was making art. He relocated to the United States in 1991, attended Columbus College of Art and Design earning BFAs in Photography and Fine Arts, and then Cranbrook Academy of Art for his MFA in Photography. He expresses his artistic vision in several mediums including drawing, painting, kinetic sculpture, alternative photography and paper crafts. In recent years, he has been more focused on drawing, working on a series entitled "Vanitas". He is an author of 4 papercraft books: "Kirigami Menagerie" (2009), "Paper Pups" (2011), "Paper Birds" (2014) and "Paper Monsters...

Hiroshi Hayakawa was born and raised in Japan. He earned a BA in French Literature from Keio University in Tokyo. After a short stint working as a computer systems engineer, he decided his love of life was making art. He relocated to the United States in 1991, attended Columbus College of Art and Design earning BFAs in Photography and Fine Arts, and then Cranbrook Academy of Art for his MFA in Photography. He expresses his artistic vision in several mediums including drawing, painting, kinetic sculpture, alternative photography and paper crafts. In recent years, he has been more focused on drawing, working on a series entitled "Vanitas". He is an author of 4 papercraft books: "Kirigami Menagerie" (2009), "Paper Pups" (2011), "Paper Birds" (2014) and "Paper Monsters...

Stamped, verso, with certification of authenticity for Suzanne Gertz (American, 1938-2003) and painted circa 1985, partial signature lower right. Suzanne Gertz first studied at the...

Untitled 2016.201 Oil, graphite, pigment on gessoed panel 12 x 12 x 1/2”

Harold Town (1924-1990) remains one of the best-known and most intriguing artists from the "Painters Eleven" group. Town's reputation was established in the late 1950s with a serie...

Melchior DOZE (1827-1913) Study of a saint, ca. 1875-79 Preparatory drawing for the decoration of the church of Saint-Félix de Saint-Gervasy (Gard), chapel of the Cross (south side...

John Singer Sargent Study off Newport, Rhode Island, 1876 Signed in pencil "JS265A" lower left Pencil on paper 5 x 10 inches Provenance: Estate of the artist Grand Central Art Galleries, New York, 1959 Mr. William H. Bender Jr Sotheby's New York, September 19, 1987 Private Collection 1987-2000 Mark Borghi Fine Art Inc., circa 2002 Private Collection (acquired from the above), New York Recognized as the leading portraitist in England and the United States at the turn of the century, John Singer Sargent was acclaimed for his elegant and very stylish depictions of high society. Known for his technical precocity, he shunned traditional academic precepts in favor of a modern approach towards technique, color and form, thereby making his own special contribution to the history of grand manner portraiture. A true cosmopolite, he was also a painter of plein air landscapes and genre scenes, drawing his subjects from such diverse locales as England, France, Italy and Switzerland. In so doing, Sargent also played a vital role in the history of British and American Impressionism. Sargent was born in Florence in 1856. He was the first child of Dr. Fitzwilliam Sargent, a surgeon from an old New England family, and Mary Newbold Singer, the daughter of a Philadelphia merchant. His parents were among the many prosperous Americans who adopted an expatriate lifestyle during the later nineteenth century. Indeed, Sargent's family traveled constantly throughout the Continent and in England, a mode of living that enriched Sargent both culturally and socially. He ultimately became fluent in French, Italian and German, in addition to English. Having developed an interest in drawing as a boy, Sargent received his earliest formal instruction in Rome in 1869, where he was taught by the German-American landscape painter Carl Welsch. Following this, he attended the Accademia di Belle Arti in Florence during 1873-74. In the spring of 1874, Sargent's family moved to Paris, enabling him to continue his training there. He soon entered the studio of Charles-Emile-Auguste Carolus-Duran. In contrast to most French academic painters, Carolus-Duran taught his students to paint directly on the canvas, capturing the essence of his subject through relaxed brushwork, a tonal palette and strong chiaroscuro. Although Sargent also spent four years studying drawing under Léon Bonnat at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, it was Carolus-Duran's approach that would form the aesthetic basis of his style. Upon his teacher's advice, Sargent also traveled to Spain and Holland to study the work of old master painters such as Diego Velázquez and Frans Hals, both of whom also employed deft, fluid techniques. In 1876, Sargent made his first visit to the United States, claiming his American citizenship and visiting the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition. One year later, he spent the summer in Cancale, in France's Brittany region, where he painted outdoors, applying Carolus-Duran's strategies to portrayals of fishing folk on sunlit beaches. His reputation in Paris was established in 1878 when his Oyster Gatherers of Cancale (1878; Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.) won an Honorable Mention at that year's Salon. During the early 1880s, Sargent began making painting trips abroad, working in Venice in 1880 and 1882, where he painted street scenes and interiors notable for their brilliant play of light and shadow. He also embarked on what would be a lucrative career as a portraitist, producing such well known works as The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit (1882; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston). His early commissions also included an image of Madame Pierre Gautreau. A renowned beauty and member of Parisian society, Madame Gautreau was known for her bold, unorthodox approach towards fashion. In her portrait, entitled "Madame X" (1884; Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York), Sargent effectively captured her distinctive aura. However, his daring realism, coupled with fact that he portrayed a diamond shoulder strap falling off one of her shoulders, caused such an uproar that his career in France was seriously compromised. As a result of the controversy surrounding "Madame X,"Sargent left Paris in 1886, settling permanently in London. He subsequently flourished in the English capital, becoming the leading portrait painter to the upper classes. Those who shared Sargent's sense of refinement and sophistication, as well as his international viewpoint, were especially drawn to his fashionable French style. In addition to patronage from such prominent British families as the Wertheimers and the Marlboroughs, Sargent received an equal number of American commissions, many of them secured by artists and architects he had met during his student days in Paris, among them painters J. Carroll Beckwith and Julian Alden Weir and architect Stanford White. On a painting tour to America during 1887-1888, he portrayed members of notable families from Boston and New York, including Mrs. Jacob Wendell and Elizabeth Allen...