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Enrico BajItalian Surrealist Pop Art Serigraph Enrico Baj Pop Art Silkscreen Foil Printc.1975
c.1975
About the Item
Enrico Baj (1924-2003) Italian, limited edition print.
Hand signed and numbered Signature on the corner. Edition 44 of 45. metallic silver aluminum.
Baj was an Italian artist best known for his political collages, prints, paintings, and sculptures. He was close to the surrealist and dada movements, and was later associated with CoBrA.
Italian artist Enrico Baj (1924-2003) was born in Milan into a wealthy family, but left Italy in 1944 having upset the authorities and to avoid conscription. He studied at the Milan University law faculty and the Brera Academy of Art. Italian Surrealist Pop Art.
Artist, attorney, ironist, writer, sharp critic, and political dissenter, Enrico Baj brought an urgent, refreshing and unique voice to the art of his time. In 1951 he founded the Movimento d'Arte Nucleare (the Nuclear Art Movement, or Art for the Nuclear Age) with Sergio D'angelo whose manifesto stated that its members "desire to demolish all the 'isms' of painting that inevitably lapses into academicism, whatever their origins may be." Baj took inspiration from the most radical notion of Surrealism (he joined the COBRA Group in the late 1940s), adhered to Ubu's sardonic and rocambolesque spirit and André Breton (in Le Surréalisme et la peinture) claimed him for his movement. His work was acclaimed by Gillo Dorfles as kitsch pioneer and embraced by artists like Asger Jorn, Marcel Duchamp Andy Warhol and Max Ernst. Baj's work reflected a necessity for continuous re-evaluation and renovation in which the experimental process took precedent over the realized objects. Enrico Baj was one of the most important contemporary Italian artists. Playing a leading role in the Fifties and Sixties avantgarde alongside Lucio Fontana, Asger Jorn, Manzoni and Yves Klein, Baj established close ties with Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp, E. L. T. Mesens, and other artists of the Cobra group, Karel Appel and others, with New Realism, Surrealism and Pataphysics.
Baj's output includes his Modificazioni paintings (1959-60), a visual farce in which Baj modified kitschy commercial paintings in order to push further still the Dada anti-art idea, and his Idraulica series (2002) consisting of sculptures and assemblages made from hydraulic plumbing fittings.
Baj's Generali, gorilla-like figures with ferocious expressions, laid down upon a floral fabric background, whose effeminacy clashes with the general's predatory qualities, making them even more absurd and demonstrating both the comedy and the tragedy of the frail human ego as it searches for validation and self-worth. A series of his portraits, assemblages in which Baj address the absurdity of human self-perception and a critic to the provincialism of the Italian bourgeoisie will also be exhibited.
Previous main exhibitions include: The Art of Assemblage, MoMA, New York, 1961; Pittura a Milano dal 1945 al 1964, Milan, 1964; XXII Biennale di Venezia, Venice, 1964; Baj's at Marconi, Studio Marconi, Milan, 1967; Gemeentemuseum, L'Aja, 1967; Palazzo Grassi, Venice, 1971; Museum of Contemporary Art of Chicago, 1971; Enrico Baj. Opere 1951-2001, Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Roma, 2001/2002.
Many of his works show an obsession with nuclear war. He created prints, sculptures but especially collage. He was close to the surrealist and dada movements, and was later associated with CoBrA. As an author he has been described as a leading promoter of the avant-garde. He worked with Umberto Eco among other collaborators. He had a long interest in the pseudo-philosophy 'pataphysics.
In 1951 he founded the arte nucleare movement with Sergio D'Angelo, which unlike abstract art was overtly political. Baj himself was aligned with the anarchist movement. His most well-known pieces are probably the series of "Generals": absurd characters made from found objects such as belts or medals. This one has nude angel cherubs and nudes, mildly erotic, cartoon imagery.
He made numerous works using motifs from other artists, from Leonardo da Vinci to Pablo Picasso. Sometimes he recreated entire works of other painters.
Baj had his debut in New York in 1960, as part of the exhibition Surrealist Intrusion in the Enchanters’ Domain, organized by Marcel Duchamp and André Breton at D’Arcy Galleries. The following year, his work was included in the influential exhibition Art of Assemblage (1961), organized by William Seitz at the Museum of Modern Art, New York. In 1964 a room devoted to Baj’s work was presented in the 22nd Venice Biennial, and three major retrospectives followed in 1971, held at Palazzo Grassi, Venice; Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; and Musée de l’Athénée, Geneva. Recent exhibitions were held in the following venues, among others: the 55th Venice Biennial (2013), Fondazione Arnaldo Pomodoro, Milan (2013), and Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Rome (2001-2002).
- Creator:Enrico Baj (1924-2003, Italian)
- Creation Year:c.1975
- Dimensions:Height: 29.5 in (74.93 cm)Width: 22 in (55.88 cm)
- Medium:
- Movement & Style:
- Period:
- Condition:
- Gallery Location:Surfside, FL
- Reference Number:1stDibs: LU38210479562
Enrico Baj
Enrico Baj, born in Milan on October 31, 1924 and died in Vergiate on June 16, 2003, was an Italian painter, libertarian anarcho-pataphysician. In 1950, with the painter Sergio Dangelo, he founded the Nuclear Movement (or Movimento Arte Nucleare), considered the Italian equivalent of the CoBrA movement. In 1953, he approached the painter Asger Jorn with the aim of founding the International Movement for an imaginist Bauhaus and organized the International Ceramic Meetings of Albisola, in which the painters Matta and Roland Giguère took part. From 1955, he composed his paintings with the most heterogeneous elements such as pieces of glass, skeins of wool, mattress canvas, watch dials. That same year, with the writer Édouard Jaguer, he created the Italian magazine Il gesto. After meeting Mesens in London, Marcel Duchamp and Arturo Schwarz in New York, he met André Breton in Paris in 1962. From 1965, he began a series of collages representing ladies: Dame Ninette de Valois, 1974 and Generals in ceremonial costumes overloaded with decorations: Lieutenant John Talbot, First Earl of Shrewsbury.
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